Percussion-drill



4 Sheets Sheet. I.

(No Model.) l

J. P. HARTMAN.

PERCUSSION DRILL.

Patented lJune 21 4 o v. Y

A TTOHNE Tus nofws vzrzns no. muro-umu., wAsmNa-ron. n. c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. P. HARTMAN.

PERCUSSION DRILL.

A fr0/mf ys.

Patented June 21 (No Model.)

' 4 Sheets-'Sheet 3. J. P. HARTMAN.

PERCUSSION DRILL. No. 606,139.

Patented June 21, 18.98.

A TTOHNEYS.

L m e .n s e e h S 4. NL. Au R MD TN M0 T. S S HU .C PR .E J.P. a. d 0 M0 w N0.- 606,139. Paten'ted'June 21, 1898.

M T E V Wm Vl Ufo W/ TNE SSE S W M A TTORNEYS.

JOSEPH P. HARTMAN, OF PUEBLO, COLORADO.

PERCUSSION-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 606,139, dated J' une21, 1898. Application filed August 16, 1897. vSerial No. 648,427. (Nomodel.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be itknown that I, JOSEPH P. HARTMAN, of

Pueblo, in the county of Pueblo and State of Colorado, have invented anew and Improved Percussion-Drill, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

Myinvention relates to an improvement in percussion-drills, andcomprises rotatable arms carrying weights or hammers pivoted by theirhandles to the arms and which are made to successively contact with thehead of the drill or a socketcontaining the drill and an orbitalhammer-track controlling the path of the hammers, springs connected tothe hammers and holding them at all times against said track, and meansfor increasing v the tension on the springs at certain predeterminedpoints.

My invention further consists of certain details of constructions, whichwill be hereinafter described and claimed.

. Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specication, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a drill in po- Y sition for operation.Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation, on the line 2 2 in Fig.' 4, of thedrilloperating mechanism with half of the casing removed. Fig. 3 is afront elevation of the drill in position for operation, thev guidewaysbeing shown in section on theline 3 3 in Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a transverse,vertical section of the drill-operating mechanism on the lines l 4. inFigs. l and 2. Fig. 5 isa side elevation of the mechanism for supportingthe drill-operating mechanism and for changing its position. Fig. 6 is apartial sectional View of the mechanism shown in Fig. 5, being thatportion at the left of the central post, the section being taken on thelines G 6 in Figs. l and 5. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the clampfor`securing the arc hereinafter described in place'.` Fig. Sis a sideelevation showing the operation of a pump and device for clearing thedrill-hole. Fig. 9is a cross-sectional view showing the drill and thewater -conducting pipe fixed thereto, and Fig. 10 is a sectional View onthe line l0 l0 in Fig. 9.

The object of my invention is to produce a percussion-drill which may beeasily transported and operated and which may be operated either by anyform of power or by hand.

The drill is supported upon a central post A, which is provided at topand bottom with the dogs or centers A', which engage opposite walls of atunnel or drift. The dogs A are so mounted in the post that the post isextensible and thus adapted to fit in places where the walls vary indistance from each other. The post A is provided With-a collar a2, whichsupports a sleeve a3, to which the drill-oper ating mechanism ispivoted. Above the collar as is another collar a, which has a side projecting lug a embracing the upper side of the arc B and thus holding theare against the side of the post. c

The arc B may be secured or locked in any position by means of thedevices connected with the collar or block a. This latter part may bemade in the form of a complete collar or as a semicircular block, asshown in Fig. '7. In the latter case it has a semicircular block or yokea4 secured thereto .by the bolts a7 or other suitable means and the rearbearingblock a8. It is also provided with a clamping-screw a5 and ablock a6, located in a recess in the under part of the block d back ofthe lug a and between the same andthe post A. By tightening the bolt orscrew a5 the block or collar d is drawn to the rear, so as to tightlyclamp the arc B between the lug d and the block a6, the aperture in theblock or collar a being large enough to permit such motion.

The lower dog A is mounted upon the end of a screw A2, Which screws intothe lower end of the post A. The upper dog'A is held in place by acollar A3 and a second collar A4, which are secured, respectively, tothe dog and the post A by means of set-screws. Either of these methodsof adjustment may be applied to either or both of the dogs, therebymaking the post extensible. A bolt or pin b, fixed upon thesleeve a3,enters a notch in the lower part of the arc B and forms the pivottherefor.

. The -outer portion of the arc B extends through the major portion of acircle and is heldin place by the projecting portion of the lug a. Bythis means the entire mechanism of the drill is supported and is thuscapable of adjustment at any Vertical angle likely to be desired. Thesleeve a3 and a collar may IOO ' cross-barDnear the middle ofthe bars Dfurnishes a support for one end of the fced-screw D2, which is securedtherein against longitudinal motion, but so that it may revolve, bymeans of the set-screw d or any other suitable means. Upon thisfeed-screw is a nut d', having a pivoted half d6 and also a circulargroove d3. The nut d is rotated by means of a handle (Z2, which carriesa pawl d4, engaging the teeth d5 upon the nut, or by means of anysuitable ratchet mechanism. The nut d is formed in pivoted halves forconvenience in shifting the frame carrying the drill. The forward end ofthe frame forming the guideways is provided with a set-screw D3, adaptedto engage the face of the tunnel when the drill is put in place. Theframe is also provided with adjustable guide-blocks C', adapt ed toreceive and guide the shank of the drill, the blocks being supported inlugs C2, attached to the guideways.

The drill-operatin g mechanism is mounted in a casing which comprises ahammer-track E, which in the main is of circular' outline, but at oneside (the upper, as shown in the drawings) is of increasing radius. Thishammer-track, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, is composed of two angle-ironsslightly separated by blocks e' and the halves secured to each other bymeans of a bolt passing through each of said blocks. The outline of thehammert-rack is preserved by means of the arms E, connected thereto atintervals in its periphery and also acting as a support for therevolving spider F,l upon which 'the hammers are mounted. VVithin'thecentral hub E3 is journaled a shaft F', upon which is fixedly mountedthe spider F, carrying the ham mers. This spider F has a, series ofradial arms, to the outer ends of which are pivoted at g the arms orhandles G' of the hammers G. As shown inthe drawings, the spider isprovided with five arms and a similar number of hammers. The ham mers Gare cylindrical in shape, and the central portion thereof is of greaterdiameter than the ends, thus forming rollers G2, which roll upon theinner surface of the hammentrack E. rlhe central and larger portion ofthe hammer is the face which strikes the drill or the socket whichreceives the drill. One end of the shaft F' may be provided with asquared portion F2 or constructed in any other suitable manner, so thata crank or powerA connections of any sort may be attached thereto.

When the spider F, carryin g the hammers, is revolved, the hammers willbe caused to travel about the hammer -"`track, and when they reach theportion E'1 at'the top, which is of increased radius, they will traveloutward against the inner surface thereof until they contact with therear end of the drill-socket I, which latter consists of a rod or barmounted so as to have limited reciprocation in the frame carrying theoperating mechanism. The pivot g of the hammer arms or handles islocated intermediate its ends. The end opposite the hammer is connectedto a spiral spring G3, and this at its other end is connected, throughthe medium of aturnbuckle G4, to an arm f', formingl a part of acamplate f. The latter is pivoted to the arms of the spider F and to aprojecting arm F3, attached thereto.` The cam-plate is also providedwith a toothed edge f2, adapted to engage the toothed outer surface of acentral cam E5, mounted upon the center of the drill-casing. As thespider F is revolved the plates f will engage the toothed cam E5, andthus oscillate the plates f, which results in bringing an additionaltension upon the springs G, and thus holding the hammers G out againstthe hammer-track. The purpose of this construction is to insure thecontact of the hammers with the hammer-track during the upper half oftheir revolution even if the device is not rotated at such a speed as tocreate sufficient centrifugal force for this purpose. The result of this:mechanism is to produce an increased tension upon the springs G3through this upper portion of the stroke. As the spider Fis revolved sothat the plates f clear the cam the tension upon the spring is releasedand the hammer is permitted to drop to its normal position.

The drillsocket I, which consists of a steel bar having its rear endtempered, is mounted to slide in bearings I'. The upper portion of theframe or casin g is provided with a recess adapted to receive abevelgear h2, mounted upon the socket by means of a square holein thewheel and a squared section I2 upon the socket. This constructionpermits of a longitudinal reciprocation of the socket, while enablingthe gear to rotate the socket upon its axis. Journaled in the casing area series of four small rollers L, which bear against the front and rearsurface of the bevel-gear h2, and thus hold it in its proper position,preventing its being moved by the reciprocation of the socket l. Thebevel-gear 71.2 meshes with a bevel-gear 71., mounted upon the upper endof a shaft H, which is journaled in bearings upon the casing and extendsin a radial direction. To the lower end of the sha-ft Il is fixed abevel-gear h,which meshes with a bevel-gear H', mounted upon the shaftF. By this means the drill-socket and drill are given aslow,butconstant, rotating movement.

A device for clearing out the drill-hole is shown in Figs. 8, 9, and 10.To the central shaft F is fixed a crank-arm R3, and an oscillatin gpump, consisting of a cylinder R, is pivoted at R to one of the arms E'and has its pump-rod R2 connected with the crank R3. A hose S connectsthe pump with a bucket S2 ICO IlO

or other convenient supply of water, and a hose S connects thepump-discharge with a' hollow ring T, surrounding the base of the drill.This ring has a centrally-opening slot T', so that the water is incontactv with the entire circumference of the drill.- The drill iseither made of steel of a cross or star section or is provided with alongitudinal groove. Within this groove, or one of the grooves of thedrill, if of astar-section, is fixed a pipe S3, which titscloselytherein. The rear end of this pipe enters the ringT, and itcommunieates therewith either by its open en'd or by a side opening T2.

That portion of the drill which enters the ring T is of course made oftrue circular cross-section, so that it may turn in the ring and notunduly leak. It may also permit a slight reciprocation of the drillwithin the ring T, while maintaining a tight joint about the drill andconstant communication between the pipe S and tube SS. By this device aconstant discharge of water is maintained at the point of .the drill,which will wash out the pulverized rockand keep the hole clear. It isevident that any kind of pump may be used as a substitute for that shownand described. The pump is prefer- Aabl y operated by the rotation ofthe hammers.

To prevent injury to the mechanism if the spider F is revolved while thedrill is not in contact with the wall, a spring M is mounted so that atone end it will press against the casing and at the other end againstthe end of the squared section l2 upon the drill-socket.

. In case the hammers G should strike the rear end of the drill-socketwhile the drill is not in place, the shock will be taken by the spring Mand the mechanism will not be destroyed. To take the backward recoil ofthe drillsocket and drill, a spiral spring M is placed outside thecasing and bears against the casing and the head 13, which receives theend of the drill C. This outer end of the drillsocket is protected by afunnel J.

The drill C is pointed at its rear end and enters a hole or socket inthe outer end of the socket-bar I and is secured in place by aset-screw. The forward end of the drill, as previously stated, is guidedbetween the blocks C' upon the outer end of the guideways D. Y

The hammers G, being cylindrical in form and journaled upon the ends ofthe arms G', roll upon the surface e2 of the hammer-track E instead ofsliding thereon. This prevents a large amount of friction which wouldotherwise result. It also results in striking the rear end of thedrill-socket bya different portion of the hammer at each stroke and thuslen gthens the life of the hammer, preventing its being battered up. Thecasing E, which forms the hammertrack and support for the drill-operating mechanism, is supported from the guideways D by means of two bars orlugs E2, which, asshown Yin Fig. 3, are provided at their upper endswith a hook or notch adapted to engage the under edge of the upperguide-bar D. The lower portions of the brackets or lugs E2 similarlyengage the lower one of the guide-bars D, except that the hook whichengages the inner side thereof is upon a. pivoted lever e, thuspermitting the device vto be readily detached from the guideways. Thislever c is held in locked position by means of a pin or bolt c3, passingthrough a supplemental lug on the bottom of the bracket or lug E2. Therear one of. these brackets or lugs E2 has a side projecting flange E6,which engages the groove d3 in the nut d. As the nut is revolved by theratchet-handle d2 the entire casing carrying the drill-operatingmechanism is moved upon the guideways D, thus following the drill as itsinks into the rock.

A counterbalance is provided for supporting the weight of thehammer-track and the mechanism carried thereby when the device isadjusted so that the guides D depart materially from the horizontal,which will be the case when drilling inclined or vertical holes. Thisconsists of pulleys p and p', over which passes a cord P', which hasattached to the lower end thereof the removable weights P and at theother end has a hook which may be attached to either of the eyes O,iiXed to the brackets E2 of the frame carrying the i drill and itsoperating mechanism. The pulleys p and p are located centrally of thearc B, and the hook `upon the cord P may be at- IOO tached to the eye Oat the front or rear end of the frame E, so as to either assist orretard the feeding of the drill, as maybe necessary.l The attachment ofthe weights depends upon the direction of the drill and the number ofthe weights by the angle of the drill. These IOS weights are made so asto be readily. attachp able or detachable in any suitable manneras,for-instance, by notching or slott-ing them, as are the weights usedwith scales.`

This drill may be constructed in varying sizes and so that it may beoperated by any form of power connections or by a crank and hand-power.It is small and light and in use is easily transported to any pointwhere it may be needed. It is also quickly set up and is of such simplecharacter that it may be 0perated by any one of ordinary intelligencewithout previous training or instruction. It is also very effective, asit deliversv a rapid series of blows, which may be regulated in strengthby the rapidity ot' revolution. Itis also adjustable, so that it may beused to drill vsupports pivoted to revolve within said track,

hammers having arms pivoted to said supports, and rollers engaging thetrack, substantially as described. l

2. A percussion-drill,comprisingahammertrack Vwhich is mainly circularin outline and has a segment of increasing radius, hammersupportspivoted to revolve Within said track, hammers connected thereto havingcylindrical heads rolling on the track, and positive means for holdingthe hammers against the upper portion of the track, substantially asdescribed.

3. A percussion-drill, comprising an orbital hammer-track,hammer-supports revolving Within said track, hammers mounted on handleswhich are pivoted to said supports, and springs attached thereto andadapted to at all times hold the hammers against the hammer-track,substantially as described.

4. A percussion-drill, comprising an orbital hammer-track,hammer-supports revolving within said track, hammers mounted on handleswhich are pivoted to said supports, springs connected to thehammer-handles, levers connected to the opposite ends of the springs,and a cam engaging said levers to tension the springs while the hammersare passing through the upper part of their orbit, substantially asdescribed.

5. A percussion-drill,comprisingahamlnertrack which is mainly circularand has a segment of increasing radius, hammer-supports pivoted torevolve within said track, hammers having arms pivoted to said supports,and heads engaging said track, and a drill-socket in line with thehammers When in their outermost position, substantially as described.

6. Apercussion-dri1l,comprisingahammertrack which is mainly circular andhas a segment of increasing radius, hammer-supports pivoted to revolveWithin said track, hammers having arms pivoted to said supports andheads engaging said track, a drill-socket in line With the hammers whenin their outermost position, and connections betweenithe drill-socketand the revolving hammer-supports, whereby the drill-socket is revolved,

substantially as described.

7. A pereussion-drill,comprising ahammertrack which is mainly circularand has a segment of increasing radius, hammer-supports pivoted torevolve Within said track, hammers having arms pivoted to said supportsand heads engaging said track, a drill-socket in line with the hammerswhen inv their outermost position, a gear slidably secured to thedrill-socket, and gear connections between the same and the shaft of thehammer-supports, substantiallyas described.

8. A percussion-drill having a revoluble frame, a series of hammersmounted upon arms which are pivoted to the frame, a central fixed camhaving a notched or toothed outer surface, levers pivoted to the framehaving notched surfaces engageable With the cam at one point in theirrevolution, and connections between said levers and the hammer- `arms,substantially as described.

JOSEPH P. HARTMAN.

Witnesses:

FRANCIS KELsEY, JOHN E. PAGE.

